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Training Manual for Organic Agriculture

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Training Manual for Organic Agriculture

Ilka Gomez & Liza Thivant

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Blurb

The production of this manual is a joint activity between the Climate, Energy and Tenure Division (NRC) and the Technologies and practices for smallholder farmers (TECA) Team from the Research and Extension Division (DDNR) of FAO Headquarters in Rome, Italy. The realization of this manual has been possible thanks to the hard review, compilation and edition work of Nadia Scialabba, Natural Resources officer (NRC) and Ilka Gomez and Lisa Thivant, members of the TECA Team. Special thanks are due to the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM), the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL) and the International Institute for Rural Reconstruction (IIRR) for their valuable documents and publications on organic farming for smallholder farmers.

1. Introducttion to organic agriculture

2. Considerations for conversion to organic agriculture

An analysis of the location

B farm related challenges to conversion

  1. Farm with high external input use
  2. Farm with low external input use
  3. Mixed farm
  4. Degraded land

C. climate related challenges to conversion

3. step by step conversion to organic agriculture

A step 1; good information first

B step 2; getting familiar with organic farming

C step 3; full conversion to organic farming

4 mulching in organic agriculture

  1. Water management in organic agriculture
  1. How to keep the water in the soil?
  2. Harvesting water
  1. Increasing infiltration
  2. Water storage

 

  1. Drip irrigation systems

 

  1. Crop planning and management in organic agriculture
  1. Crop rotation
  2. Intercropping
  3. Cover crops
  4. Crop _animal association
  5. Designing cropping systems

 

  1. Nutrient management in organic agriculture
  1. Composting
  1. The heating phase
  2. The cooling phase
  3. The maturing phase
  4. Different  systems and methods

 

  1. Green manures
  1. Green manures have a number of benefits
  2. Factors to consider before growing green manures
  3. How to use green manures

 

  1. Animal manure
  2. Microbial fertilizers
  3. Mineral fertilizer

 

  1. Pest and disease management in organic  agriculture
  1. Prevention practices and monitoring
  2. Curative methods

 

  1. Weed management In organic agriculture
  1. Prevention practices and monitoring
  2. Biological control of weeds
  3. Mechanical control

 

  1. Soil cultivation and tillage in organic  agriculture
  1. Creating good growing conditions for plans
  2. Minimum disturbance
  3. Soil compaction
  4. Types of soil cultivation

 

  1. Plant propagation in organic agriculture
  1. Plant propagation
  2. Criteria for seed evaluation characterization and multiplication
  3. Importance of traditional varieties
  4. Seed conservation

 

  1. Animal husbandry in organic agriculture
  1. Plant propagation
  2. Animal housing
  3. Animal feeding
  4. Animal health
  5. Breeding goals 

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